If you have an Intel HD Graphics running the Android SDK emulator in slow software mode, it's intended that a compatibility OpenGL renderer is not used.
I'm sorry about it, but we need to be able to switch to better-supported Intel GPU drivers especially when running high API levels (25+) of system images. Intel iGPUs of that generation (and older) have many issues with OpenGL compatibility.
You could try in terminal:
emulator -list-avds
emulator -avd <AVD_NAME> -gpu host
but that is not permanent fix.
Real resolution to this problem is fine tune the Android emulator with next procedure:
If you'd still like to use the native OpenGL renderer on a Intel HD GPU (at your own risk), go to :
Settings (in Android emulator)
section: General
option: OpenGL ES renderer (requires restart)
select:
ANGLE (D3D9)
option: OpenGL ES API level (requires restart)
select:
Compatibility (OpenGL ES 1.1/2.0)
and restart your Android emulator in HAX fast virtual mode with hardware rendering...
Source: Google Issue Tracker - Discussion :
GPU driver issue